• Complications in Obesity
• Anti-Obesity Drugs
• Diet and Appetite
• Health and Diet
• Holistic Nutrition
• Nutraceuticals
• Obesity and Depression
• Nutrition and Dietetics
• Obesity and Diabetes
• Probiotics
• Obesity Treatments
• Prevention and Control of Obesity
• Obesity and Eating disorder
• Obesity and Weight Management

Complications in Obesity:

Obesity has been more precisely defined by the National Institutes of Health (the NIH) as a BMI (Body Mass Index) of 30 and above. A BMI of 30 is about 30 pounds overweight. This is only meaningful for adults who are fully grown, and should not be used for children. Growth charts can be used to measure obesity in children. Many health problems are associated with obesity. An example is Type 2 diabetes. A woman with a BMI higher than 35 is 93 times more likely to develop diabetes.  A 2009 review found that people with a BMI between 40 and 50 were 22.5 times more likely to die from diabetes than people with BMIs between 22.5 and 25. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in 2003 that 400,000 people died because of being obese in 2000.  The 'obesity paradox' is a term used to describe how obesity can lower the risk of death.  Obesity increases the chance of getting heart disease.

Anti-Obesity Drugs:

Drugs inhibiting intestinal fat absorption. “Orlistat” is the only approved anti-obesity medication which belongs to this category.

Drugs suppressing food intake: This includes medications which modulate the production of neurotransmitters or act on their receptors in the central nervous system so as to suppress appetite. Examples include the following:

1. Noradrenergic drugs: phenylpropanolamine, amphetamine, phentermine and diethylpropion.
2. Serotoninergic drugs: dexfenfluramine, fenfluramine.
3. Serotoninergic and adrenergic drug: sibutramine.
4. Selective cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptor antagonist: rimonabant.

Diet and Appetite:

Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthful. A proper nutrition requires a proper ingestion and, also important, the absorption of vitamins, minerals, and food energy in the form of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. When someone says they are "dieting", it means that they are trying to lose weight. People who study diet and eating habits are called dietitians.  A food allergy is a condition in which a specific food makes someone sick. Phenylketonuria is a disease in which a person cannot digest certain foods properly because they have an amino acid, or type of chemical, called phenylalanines in them. Appetitive behavior also known as approach behavior, and consummatory behaviors, are the only processes that involve energy intake, whereas all other behaviors affect the release of energy. Polyphagia or hyperphagia is excessive hunger or increased appetite. It is a medical sign meaning excessive hunger and abnormally large intake of solids by mouth. It can be caused by disorders such as diabetes, Kleine–Levin syndrome (a malfunction in the hypothalamus), [citation needed] and the genetic disorders Prader–Willi syndrome and Bardet–Biedl syndrome.

 

Health and Diet:

A good diet is important for our health and can help us feel our best - but what is a good diet? Apart from breastmilk as a food for babies, no single food contains all the essential nutrients the body needs to stay healthy and work properly. A healthy diet comprises a combination of different foods. These include:

Staples like cereals (wheat, barley, rye, maize or rice) or starchy tubers or roots (potato, yam, taro or cassava).

Legumes (lentils and beans).

Fruit and vegetables.                                                                               

Foods from animal sources (meat, fish, eggs and milk).

Energy balance is where the calories taken in from the diet are equal to the calories used by the body. We need these calories to carry out everyday tasks such as walking and moving about, but also for all the functions of the body we may not even think about.

Holistic Nutrition:

Conventional western medicinal practices generally diagnose diseases based on physical symptoms displayed by patients, but alternative medicinal approaches like holistic nutrition potentially help patients to uncover non-physical causes of poor nutrition that leads to disease. Holistic nutrition is a complete, natural approach to health, from eating the right foods for your body to healthy lifestyle practices to achieve optimal health, but there is much more to it. It is about connecting with individuals on a whole level. By whole level, we want to get to the root cause of an individual’s health concerns by considering their diet, lifestyle and their physical and mental being. A safe space where individuals can come and really be heard. It is a welcoming space that is free of judgment and criticism. It is a space filled with affection, warmth, and understanding. Finally, it is a space where you can take the next step on your health journey and be supported all the way.

Nutraceuticals:

A food or part of a food that allegedly provides medicinal or health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease. A nutraceutical may be a naturally nutrient-rich or medicinally active food, such as garlic or soybeans, or it may be a specific component of a food. Nevertheless, as health providers, before their widespread use can be recommended, we need clear terms of sale and also some support from large clinical outcome trials with respect to their efficacy and safety in terms of cardiovascular prevention. Nutraceutical should provide a health benefit to the consumer that is greater than that of a general food item. Nutraceuticals are considered to be one of the fastest growing areas of interest for human health and disease prevention.

Obesity and Depression:

Depression and Obesity describes the relevance of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis dysfunction, sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation, and inflammatory processes as well as the interaction of genetic and environmental factors.  The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, gonadal, growth hormone, leptin, sympathetic nervous system and adrenergic, dopaminergic, and serotoninergic central pathways, all seem interconnected and involved in obesity. With increasing rates in adults and children, In 2015, 600 million adults (12%) and 100 million children were obese in 195 countries. Obesity is more common in women than men. Authorities view it as one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century. Obesity is stigmatized in much of the modern world (particularly in the Western world), though it was seen as a symbol of wealth and fertility at other times in history and still is in some parts of the world.  Stress response, as a mediator between different level phenomena, may undertake the role of a plausible link between psychological and biological determinants of disease. Depression and obesity are major public health issues, urging for new insights and novel interventions and this discussion points to the need of a more in-depth approach.

 

Nutrition and Dietetics:

Diet plays a major role in promotion of health and well being of a human being. This field has gained importance as people have become more conscious about the way they look, what they eat. Quality of life depends on the quality of food we eat. Dieticians or nutritionists help to promote good health by correcting the eating habits. Dieticians should ensure that their clients should eat depending upon the nutritional requirements and needs. Dietician can help a person with health problems, such as health disease or diabetes, by assessing individual needs and creating a food plan that helps alleviate health problems. Dieticians guide on healthy eating habits and make a personalized food plan that meets the patient’s dietary restrictions, occupational constraints, fitness and stress levels. The nutritionist, on the other hand, studies the effect of food on human and the effect of heat, storage and other environmental factors on food (when it is cooked/served).

Obesity and Diabetes:

Obesity is also no longer a condition that just affects older people, although the likelihood does increase with age, and increasing numbers of young people have been diagnosed with obesity. Over the next 20 years, the number of obese adults in the world is forecast to soar to millions of people. According to health experts, such a rise would result in more than a million extra cases of type 2 diabetes, heart disease and cancer.

Probiotics:

Probiotics are live microorganisms intended to provide health benefits when consumed, generally by improving or restoring the gut flora.  Probiotics are considered generally safe to consume, but may cause bacteria-host interactions and unwanted side effects in rare cases

Although there are numerous claimed benefits marketed towards using consumer probiotic products, such as reducing gastrointestinal discomfort, improving immune health, relieving constipation, or avoiding the common cold, such claims are not supported by scientific evidence. In a clinical setting however, some probiotics have been found to be useful in treating specific medical conditions, such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children and Clostridium difficile infection in adults. One concern is that probiotics taken by mouth can be destroyed by the acidic conditions of the stomach.

Obesity treatments:

The best way to achieve this is to swap unhealthy and high-energy food choices – such as fast food, processed food and sugary drinks (including alcohol) – for healthier choices A healthy diet should consist of plenty of fruit and vegetables, plenty of potatoes, bread, rice, pasta and other starchy foods (ideally you should choose wholegrain varieties), some milk and dairy foods, some meat, fish, eggs, beans and other non-dairy sources of protein, just small amounts of food and drinks that are high in fat and sugar. Try to avoid foods containing high levels of salt because they can raise your blood pressure, which can be dangerous for people who are already obese. Read some tips for a lower-salt diet. Be careful when eating out because some foods can quickly take you over the limit, such as burgers, fried chicken, and some curries or Chinese dishes. Behavioral changes to improve dietary habits and increase activity levels.

Prevention and control of obesity:

Obesity is an escalating global epidemic with exponential increasing rates in all over the world. Obesity has adverse effects on patients health, psychology, and socioeconomic status. In addition, it is a burden on societies when obese individuals become less productive in their work and governments spend more money for their accommodation in the society and health care expenditure. A comprehensive interprofessional system approach inclusive of broad environmental and social interventions and individuals psychological and behavioral changes is required to produce positive impact on obesity prevention and control in societies.  The aim of this project is to involve concerned health care and non-health professions, policy makers, and other stakeholders to work together within a system framework. In addition, best-evidence practices/interventions, and policies that have worked globally to prevent and manage obesity are discussed and extrapolated to our local settings. Aided by national and international expert groups, this project tries to document a road map for a multisectorial interprofessional system approach to prevent and control obesity in the region to influence its impact on individuals and society.

Obesity and eating disorder:

The relationship between obesity and eating disorders and their relative causes is complicated, yet it affects each one of us and those we love on a daily basis in terms of how we think and feel about our bodies and the foods we eat. Understanding that relationship can help us take steps to protect our own health and the health of our families The measurement of weight/body mass index (BMI), especially in school settings, and Over emphasis of these measures as indicators of health (National Eating Disorders Collaboration). Labelling foods as ‘good’ or ‘bad’ and food choices as ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ (National Eating Disorders Collaboration). Nutritional advice that may encourage food fears and unhealthy dieting (National Eating Disorders Collaboration). Those affected by eating disorders and obesity often experience dissatisfaction, shame, guilt, and even anxiety about food choices. Those affected by eating disorders and obesity can experience a number of physical and/or consequences, including, but not limited to: (NEDA) (CDC)

• High BP

• High cholesterol

• Type 2 diabetes

• Heart disease

• Gallbladder disease

• Amenorrhea

• Infertility

Obesity and weight management:

For adults, a BMI of 30 or more is considered a state of obesity and a BMI greater than 40 is considered to be a state of severe obesity. When intake of calories exceeds calories burned by the body, this net positive energy is stored as fat, resulting in weight gain and potential obesity. Likewise, when there is a net negative calorie balance this result in weight loss. The most common causes of obesity are overeating and physical activity.  Concern over obesity is directed not only at how much fat a person has but also where that fat is located in the body. The pattern of body fat distribution differs in men and women. Women typically collect fat in their hips and buttocks, giving their figures a pear shape. Men, on the other hand, usually collect fat around the belly, giving them more of an apple shape. Fat located in the belly or visceral cavity is considered more harmful than fat located elsewhere and is considered to be closely liked to many disease associated with obesity.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Summary

Obesity Asia Pacific 2019 invites participants, moderators, and exhibitors from everywhere throughout the world to Yokohama, Japan. We welcome all of you to go to the "World Congress on Obesity, Diet and Nutrition" which will be held amid November 25-26, 2019" at Yokohama, Japan. The board is preparing for an energizing and useful meeting program including whole addresses, symposia, workshops on an assortment of points, notice introductions and different projects for members from everywhere throughout the world. We welcome you to go along with us at the Obesity Asia Pacific 2019, where you will make sure to have an important involvement with researchers from around the globe. Every one of the individuals from Obesity Asia Pacifc 2019 arranging board of trustees anticipate meeting you at Yokohama, Japan.

Why Yokohama, Japan?

Obesity is a condition wherein a person has gathered so much muscle to fats quotients that it could negatively affect their well-being. However, as Asian populations are in particular liable to the fitness dangers of excess adipose tissue, however one USA has managed to keep weight problems down with the help of a controversial government policy, that country is Japan, in which simplest about three. 5% of the populace is assessed as overweight, compared to costs as high as 30% or greater in nations like the U.S, UK, Korea and many others. And it is no longer only a typically healthier weight loss program and life-style it truly is stored the Japanese trim. The "metabo regulation" went into impact in 2008, with the intention of lowering the USA overweight population via 25% by way of 2015.